浅谈肝俞龙虎交战针法为主治疗排卵障碍性不孕

结合中医理论及外界影响因素分析认为,排卵障碍性不孕以"肝气郁结、疏泄失调"为病机,治则立"疏肝解郁、调畅气机"为大法,探讨治疗该病选用肝俞施用龙虎交战针法的理论依据。为针灸治疗排卵障碍性不孕提供新的思路及方法,同时也体现了古典针法创新性的运用。     

Uterine PEComa with aggressive behavior: A review with an additional case of spontaneous vaginal expulsion

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is a rare mesenchymal tumor originating from perivascular epitheloid cells showing melanocytic and smooth muscle differentiation. The uterus represents the second most common site of origin. A 49 years woman presented to our Hospital for a vaginal spontaneous expulsion of a mass suggestive for malignant mesenchymal tumor. The patient underwent total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and the histopathological report was compliant with a PEComa with aggressive behavior. Medical Literature databases about PEComa were searched. The current literature identified near 90 cases of uterine PEComas and they are categorized as uncertain malignant potential or with aggressive behavior. Primary surgical excision represents the gold-standard treatment. Recently targeted therapy with mTOR inhibitors has been introduced with an important beneficial. In this paper we review the Literature about the uPEComa with aggressive behavior reporting the first case of spontaneous vaginal expulsion.     

Orthogonally oriented scaffolds with aligned fibers for engineering intestinal smooth muscle

Controlling cellular alignment is critical in engineering intestines with desired structure and function. Although previous studies have examined the directional alignment of cells on the surface (x–y plane) of parallel fibers, quantitative analysis of the cellular alignment inside implanted scaffolds with oriented fibers has not been reported. This study examined the cellular alignment in the x–z and y–z planes of scaffolds made with two layers of orthogonally oriented fibers. The cellular orientation inside implanted scaffolds was evaluated with immunofluorescence. Quantitative analysis of coherency between cell orientation and fiber direction confirmed that cells aligned along the fibers not only on the surface (x–y plane) but also inside the scaffolds (x–z & y–z planes). Our study demonstrated that two layers of orthogonally aligned scaffolds can generate the histological organization of cells similar to that of intestinal circular and longitudinal smooth muscle.     

Expression of parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor 1 in normal and diseased bladder detrusor muscles: a clinico-pathological study

Background

To investigate the expression of parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) receptor 1 (PTH1R) in clinical specimens of normal and diseased bladders. PTHrP is a unique stretch-induced endogenous detrusor relaxant that functions via PTH1R. We hypothesized that suppression of this axis could be involved in the pathogenesis of bladder disease.

Methods

PTH1R expression in clinical samples was examined by immunohistochemistry. Normal kidney tissue from a patient with renal cancer and bladder specimens from patients undergoing ureteral reimplantation for vesicoureteral reflux or partial cystectomy for urachal cyst were examined as normal control organs. These were compared with 13 diseased bladder specimens from patients undergoing bladder augmentation. The augmentation patients ranged from 8 to 31 years old (median 15 years), including 9 males and 4 females. Seven patients had spinal disorders, 3 had posterior urethral valves and 3 non-neurogenic neurogenic bladders (Hinman syndrome).

Results

Renal tubules, detrusor muscle and blood vessels in normal control bladders stained positive for PTH1R. According to preoperative urodynamic studies of augmentation patients, the median percent bladder capacity compared with the age-standard was 43.6% (range 1.5–86.6%), median intravesical pressure at maximal capacity was 30 cmH₂O (range 10–107 cmH₂O), and median compliance was 3.93 ml/cmH₂O (range 0.05–30.3 ml/cmH₂O). Detrusor overactivity was observed in five cases (38.5%). All augmented bladders showed negative stainings in PTH1R expression in the detrusor tissue, but positive staining of blood vessels in majority of the cases.

Conclusions

Downregulation of PTH1R may be involved in the pathogenesis of human end-stage bladder disease requiring augmentation.     

血管平滑肌细胞表型转化的分子机制研究进展

血管内膜新生是血管成形术后再狭窄和动脉粥样硬化等心血管疾病的病理基础。血管平滑肌细胞（vascular smooth muscle cells,VSMCs）具有高度可塑性,在众多病理因素下常发生表型转化（phenotypic switch）,即由收缩型向合成型转化。研究表明,VSMCs表型转化促进其增殖和迁移,从而参与血管内膜新生形成。本文主要综述了VSMCs表型转化影响内膜新生的分子机制,为防治血管重塑性疾病提供理论依据。     

Myocardin重组蛋白表达及其在人骨髓间充质干细胞重编程为血管平滑肌细胞中的作用

目的:研究心肌素(myocardin)重组蛋白的表达及分离纯化方法,并探讨myocardin重组蛋白对人骨髓间充质干细胞(human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,h BMSCs)向血管平滑肌细胞转分化的作用。方法:构建myocardin原核表达载体,摸索最佳诱导myocardin重组蛋白表达的方法及优化分离纯化方式。使用纳米转导试剂包裹myocardin形成纳米-蛋白复合体,转染h BMSCs,观察蛋白转导效率;蛋白转导成功后,检测血管平滑肌的特异性标志物平滑肌肌球蛋白重链的表达情况,观察h BMSCs向平滑肌细胞转化情况。结果:与传统方法相比较,高浓度法诱导myocardin重组蛋白的表达量更高,新采用的洗脱方式能获取更多的myocardin重组蛋白;纳米-myocardin复合体可成功转染h BMSCs并诱导其向血管平滑肌样细胞转化。结论:Myocardin重组蛋白能被高效转导到细胞内,并促使h BMSCs重编程为血管平滑肌样细胞。     

人大隐静脉平滑肌细胞体外培养及其生长特性分析

目的：探讨人血管平滑肌细胞（VSMC）体外培养方法及其生长的特性。 方法：采用组织块贴壁结合酶消化法培养人大隐静脉VSMC并传代,以形态学观察、免疫荧光染色法、考马斯亮蓝染色法鉴定细胞;以台盼蓝染色法、四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）比色法、绘制生长曲线、划痕法测定细胞成活率、增殖及迁移能力。 结果：原代培养5~7 d细胞从组织块爬出,传代细胞呈“峰-谷”样生长;胞质内α-平滑肌肌动蛋白免疫荧光染色阳性;考马斯亮蓝染色可见VSMC细胞骨架呈致密束状;传代细胞成活率为97%;生长曲线呈类“S”形;细胞生长3~6 d内光密度值变化明显;无血清培养的VSMC在24 h内划痕宽度变化显著。 结论：体外培养的VSMC纯度高,结构、功能良好,为收缩表型,细胞生长第3~6天增殖活力较强,24 h内迁移能力最强。     

Ocular motor measures in migraine with and without aura

The purpose of this study was to examine basic ocular motor function in individuals with migraine. We used an infrared eye-tracking system to measure horizontal smooth pursuit to a sinusoidal target, saccades to horizontal target displacements of 5-20 degrees , and the stability of fixation in 19 migraine without aura (MoA), 19 migraine with aura (MA) and 19 headache-free control (C) subjects. Eye movement measurements were made at two target displacement rates and against both homogeneous grey and patterned backgrounds. We found no statistically significant differences between migraine and control subjects in any of the eye movement parameters measured, but did find highly significant effects of both target speed and background pattern in all groups. Our results do not provide support for subclinical cerebellar impairment in migraineurs, and do provide evidence that previously described visual abnormalities in migraine are not artefacts of abnormal fixation or eye movements.